Principles of Cyclone Separator:
- Operates on the principle of centrifugal separation. Particles are separated from a gas stream by centrifugal forces generated within a cyclone chamber.
Construction of Cyclone Separator:
- Cyclone Chamber: A cylindrical or conical chamber with a tangential inlet.
- Inlet: For the gas-particle mixture.
- Outlet: For clean gas at the top and for separated particles at the bottom.
- Vortex Finder: A tube extending into the cyclone to reduce turbulence and improve separation efficiency.
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Working of Cyclone Separator:
- The gas-particle mixture enters the cyclone tangentially, creating a spiral motion.
- Centrifugal forces push heavier particles toward the outer wall, where they lose momentum and fall to the bottom.
- Clean gas exits through the vortex finder at the top.
Uses:
- Widely used in industrial dust collection systems.
- Pre-cleaning of gases in power plants, cement factories, and metal industries.
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Merits:
- No moving parts, resulting in low maintenance.
- Capable of handling high dust loads.
- Efficient for separating coarse particles.
Demerits:
- Inefficient for very fine particles.
- Pressure drop can be significant, requiring energy to maintain flow.
- Not suitable for sticky or hygroscopic materials.
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