Definition of Dissociation Constant:
- It is a measure of the extent to which a compound separates into its components in solution.
- For a general reaction:
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$\text{AB} \leftrightarrow \text{A} + \text{B}$
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the dissociation constant is given by
:$K_d = \frac{[A][B]}{[AB]}$
Properties of Dissociation Constant:
- Equilibrium: Indicates the position of equilibrium for dissociation reactions.
- Strength of Interaction: A lower Kd value indicates a stronger interaction between the components.
Determination:
- Spectroscopy: Measuring concentrations of components at equilibrium.
- Titration: Determining the concentration of dissociated ions.
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Applications:
- Biochemistry: Studying binding affinities of enzymes and substrates.
- Pharmacology: Determining drug-receptor interactions.
- Chemistry: Understanding reaction dynamics and stability of complexes.
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