Principle of End Runner Mill:
- Similar to the edge runner mill, operates on the principle of crushing and grinding.
- However, it uses a pestle and mortar setup.
Construction of End Runner Mill:
- Mortar: Bowl-shaped grinding surface.
- Pestle: Heavy cylindrical or conical grinding tool.
- Feed Mechanism: Manual or automated hopper for material input.
- Discharge Mechanism: Outlet for processed material.
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Working:
- Material is placed in the mortar.
- The pestle rotates or oscillates, crushing and grinding the material.
- Continuous rotation or oscillation ensures thorough grinding and mixing.
- Processed material is discharged from the outlet.
Uses:
- Grinding and mixing of pastes, ointments, and powders in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
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Merits:
- Simple and effective design.
- Suitable for small-scale production.
- Effective for both grinding and mixing.
Demerits:
- Limited to small quantities.
- High labor intensity for manual operation.
- Wear of the pestle and mortar.
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