Honey

• Honey is a natural sweet substance made by bees, rich in sugars, enzymes, and antioxidants.
• Honey is valued for nutrition, wound healing, skincare, and traditional medicine.

General Information

• Synonyms: Natural Honey, Medicated Honey.

• Biological Source:

  • Produced by bees (Apis mellifera) from flower nectar.
• Family: Apidae.

• Geographical Source:

  • Found worldwide, major producers include India, China, USA, Argentina.

Macroscopical Characters

• Color: Golden yellow to dark brown.
• Texture: Thick, viscous liquid.
• Taste: Sweet.
• Odor: Floral aroma.

Chemical Constituents

• Sugars: Fructose (38
• Enzymes: Diastase, Invertase.

Preparation

1. Bees collect nectar, store in honeycombs.
2. Enzymatic action converts nectar into honeys.
3. Extracted, filtered, and packed.

Evaluation

• Solubility: Soluble in water.

• Purity Tests:

  • Fiehe’s Test (Detects artificial honeys).

Preservation & Storage

• Stored in sealed containers to prevent fermentation.

Therapeutic Uses

• Natural antimicrobial (wound healing).
• Cough suppressant (used in syrups).

Commercial Utility

• Used in pharmaceuticals (excipients in syrups).
• Used in food industry (sweetener).

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