Iodine Value (IV)

• Definition of Iodine Value (IV):

  • The iodine value is the amount of iodine (in grams) that is absorbed by 100 grams of fat or oil.
  • It measures the degree of unsaturation (double bonds) in the fatty acids.

• Significance of Iodine Value (IV):

  • Indicates the unsaturation level of the fat or oil; higher iodine values mean more double bonds (unsaturated fats).
  • Used to differentiate between drying oils (high IV), semi-drying oils, and non-drying oils (low IV).
  • Important in industries like paint and varnish manufacturing.

• Principle:

  • The fat or oil is reacted with a halogen (usually iodine monochloride, ICl) that adds across the double bonds.
  • The unreacted iodine is then titrated with sodium thiosulfate, and the iodine value is calculated based on the difference between the blank and the sample.

• Equation:

  • $\text{Iodine Value (IV)} = \frac{(\text{Blank Titre} – \text{Sample Titre}) \times \text{Normality of } \mathrm{Na_2S_2O_3} \times 12.69}{\text{Weight of sample (g)}}$

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