Mepivacaine

Mepivacaine is an amide local anesthetic used for infiltration and regional anesthesia with rapid onset and moderate duration.

Structure of Mepivacaine

• It is an amide-type local anesthetic similar to lidocaine but with a methyl group attached to the diethylaminoethyl side chain, enhancing its potency.
• Chemical Formula: C₁₄H₂₈N₂O

Mode of Action

• Sodium Channel Blockade: Blocks voltage-gated sodium channels, preventing nerve impulse transmission.
• Membrane Stabilization: Reduces neuronal excitability by stabilizing nerve membranes.

Uses

• Local Anesthesia: Used in dental procedures, minor surgical interventions, and obstetric anesthesia.
• Topical Preparations: Applied to mucous membranes and skin for temporary numbing.
• Infiltration Anesthesia: Injected to provide localized numbness during medical procedures.

Side Effects of Mepivacaine

• Local Reactions: Pain, redness, or swelling at the injection site.
• Systemic Toxicity: Potential CNS excitation (e.g., seizures) and cardiovascular effects (e.g., arrhythmias) with excessive doses.

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