Polymorphism

• Polymorphism is the ability of a material to exist in more than one crystal structure.

Characteristics of Polymorphism:

• Multiple Structures: A single chemical compound can form different crystalline arrangements, each with distinct properties.
• Phase Transitions: Polymorphs can transform from one form to another under certain conditions such as temperature and pressure changes.

Types of Polymorphs:

• Enantiotropic Polymorphs:

  • Different forms can be interconverted reversibly by changing temperature or pressure.

• Monotropic Polymorphs:

  • One form is stable, and the others are metastable, transforming irreversibly to the stable form over time or under specific conditions.

Importance in Pharmaceuticals:

• Drug Formulation: Different polymorphs of a drug can have varying solubility, stability, and bioavailability, impacting effectiveness and shelf-life.
• Regulation: Proper characterization and control of polymorphic forms are essential for consistent drug performance.

Examples of Polymorphism:

• Carbon: Exists as diamond and graphite, with vastly different properties.
• Calcium Carbonate: Exists as calcite and aragonite, with applications in construction and industry.Top of Form

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