• Sorensen’s pH Scale is a numerical representation of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution.
  • It was introduced by Danish chemist Søren Peder Lauritz Sørensen in 1909.
  • Sørensen developed this scale to simplify the expression of hydrogen ion concentrations in solutions, which can vary over a wide range.

Definition of pH

  • The term “pH” stands for “potential of hydrogen” and is defined mathematically as:
  • $\text{pH} = -\log_{10} [\text{H}^+]$
  • Where:
  • is the molar concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution.

Logarithmic Nature of Sorensen’s pH Scale

  • The logarithmic scale means that each whole number change in pH represents a tenfold change in hydrogen ion concentration.
  • For example, a solution with a pH of 3 is ten times more acidic than one with a pH of 4.

Scale Range

  • The pH scale typically ranges from 0 to 14:
  • Acidic Solutions: pH < 7
  • Neutral Solutions: pH = 7
  • Basic (Alkaline) Solutions: pH > 7

Importance of Sorensen’s pH Scale

  • The pH of a solution affects chemical reactions, biological processes, and the solubility of compounds.
  • It is crucial in various fields, including:
    • Chemistry
    • Biology
    • Medicine
    • Agriculture
    • Environmental Science

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