Phenacaine

Phenacaine is an ester-type local anesthetic used mainly in ophthalmology for surface eye anesthesia.

Structure of Phenacaine

• It is an amino benzoic acid derivative with a propyl ester group, providing effective local anesthetic properties.
• Chemical Formula: C₁₀H₂₀N₂O₂

Mode of Action

• Sodium Channel Blockade: Inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels, preventing nerve impulse conduction.
• Membrane Stabilization: Enhances nerve membrane stability, reducing excitability.

Uses

• Local Anesthesia: Applied in dental procedures, minor surgeries, and ophthalmic preparations.
• Topical Preparations: Used in creams, gels, and sprays for localized pain relief.
• Ophthalmic Anesthesia: Employed in eye surgeries for corneal numbing.

Side Effects of Phenacaine

• Local Irritation: Redness, swelling, or discomfort at the application site.
• Systemic Toxicity: Rare but possible with excessive use, leading to CNS and cardiovascular effects.

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