Tetracaine

Tetracaine is a potent ester local anesthetic used for spinal and ophthalmic anesthesia by blocking nerve signals.

Structure of Tetracaine

• It is a potent amino benzoic acid derivative with a butyl ester group, providing long-lasting local anesthetic effects.
• Chemical Formula: C₁₂H₂₉N₃O₂

Mode of Action

• Sodium Channel Blockade: Inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels, preventing nerve impulse conduction.
• Membrane Stabilization: Enhances membrane stability, reducing nerve excitability.

Uses

• Topical Anesthesia: Applied in ophthalmic procedures, dermatological treatments, and mucosal numbing.
• Local Anesthesia: Used in dental procedures, minor surgeries, and epidural anesthesia.
• Infiltration Anesthesia: Injected to provide prolonged numbness in specific areas during medical procedures.

Side Effects of Tetracaine

• Local Irritation: Can cause burning, redness, or swelling at the application site.
• Systemic Toxicity: CNS excitation or depression and cardiovascular disturbances with high doses.

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