S-2 Human Anatomy & Physiology II Notes -

Human Anatomy & Physiology II Notes

Below are well-organized, unit-wise Human Anatomy and Physiology notes available for free.
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Unit 1

Nervous system

The nervous system includes neurons, neuroglia, and classified nerve fibers. It functions via action potentials, nerve impulses, and synapses using neurotransmitters. The CNS, with brain and spinal cord, has meninges, ventricles, CSF, and reflex arcs via afferent and efferent tracts.

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Unit 2

Digestive system & Energetics

In human anatomy notes, the GI tract includes the stomach, were acid and pepsin aid protein digestion, regulated by the parasympathetic nervous system. Moreover, the small and large intestines handle nutrient absorption and waste. Additionally, energetics covers ATP, creatine phosphate, and BMR.

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Unit 3

Respiratory & Urinary system

In human anatomy notes, the respiratory system includes lung anatomy, respiration mechanism, regulation, lung volumes, gas transport, and resuscitation methods. Moreover, the urinary system covers kidney and nephron anatomy, urine formation, micturition reflex, RAS role, acid-base balance, and kidney disorders.

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Unit 4

Endocrine System

The endocrine system includes hormone classification, mechanisms of action, and the structure and functions of major glands like the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, pineal, and thymus. Additionally, it covers common hormonal disorders and their physiological effects.

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