Use these Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance Class 12 notes PDF links to revise concepts before tackling numericals. Keep definitions, units and the conditions behind each formula together.
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Key points for revision
- Potential and potential difference: connect work done per unit charge with potential difference. Electric potential is a scalar quantity.
- Capacitance: C = Q/V. Its SI unit is the farad; take care when converting microfarads and picofarads.
- Parallel-plate model: for an ideal capacitor, C = εA/d. Increasing separation reduces capacitance when area and the medium remain unchanged.
- Stored energy: revise U = ½CV² and the equivalent expressions. Distinguish series and parallel capacitor combinations.
Quick numerical practice
- Find the charge on a 2 µF capacitor connected across 10 V.
- What happens to capacitance when plate separation doubles under the conditions above?
- Explain the difference between changing a charged capacitor with its battery connected and with the battery disconnected.
Write the known quantities and SI units before substituting values. Use the NCERT solutions to check your method as well as the final answer.
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