Reactions of synthetic importance U-5 Notes

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Reactions of synthetic importance

  • Metal Hydride Reduction (NaBH₄ and LiAlH₄)
  • Clemmensen Reduction
  • Birch Reduction
  • Wolff–Kishner Reduction
  • Oppenauer Oxidation
  • Dakin Reaction
  • Beckmann Rearrangement
  • Schmidt Rearrangement
  • Claisen–Schmidt Condensation

Other Units of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry III

Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry III

Other Subjects of B Pharmacy 4th Semester

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Physical Pharmaceutics II

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Topic wise notes of:

Pharmacology I

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Unit V: Reactions of synthetic importance – Easy Summary

Unit V talks about some important chemical reactions used to make medicines and other useful compounds. These reactions help change one chemical into another, which is very useful in drug design and preparation.

The unit starts with metal hydride reduction, which is a method to turn certain groups in a molecule into alcohols. A common chemical used in this is sodium borohydride (NaBH₄). This reaction is mild and works well in many cases.

Next is the Wolff-Kishner reduction, which removes a group called a carbonyl from a molecule. This reaction uses strong base and heat to make big changes in the structure.

The Oppenauer oxidation is the opposite of reduction. It changes alcohols into ketones or aldehydes. This is helpful when preparing a molecule for further reactions.

The Dakin reaction is used to make phenols from aldehydes, especially when a hydroxyl group is close by.

Then, the unit explains Beckmann and Schmidt rearrangements. These reactions move atoms around inside a molecule to create new, useful structures like amides and lactams.

Finally, the Claisen-Schmidt condensation joins two molecules together to form larger, more complex ones. This is important for making things like fragrances, dyes, and some drugs.

These reactions are simple tools that help chemists build useful compounds step by step.

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