Pulse

• A pulse is the rhythmic expansion and contraction of arteries caused by the surge of blood with each heartbeat. It is an important indicator of cardiovascular health and heart function.

How the Pulse Works:

• During systole (heart contraction), blood is pumped into the arteries, increasing pressure within them.
• This pressure wave travels through the arterial system, causing the arteries to expand and contract as the wave passes.

Points:

• You can feel it at specific points where an artery is close to the skin and can be compressed against a bone or firm tissue. Common points include:
  • Radial artery (wrist)
  • Carotid artery (neck)
  • Brachial artery (elbow)

Pulse Rate:

• Pulse rate is the number of beats per minute and is often used as an indicator of heart rate.
• A normal resting rate for adults ranges from 60 to 100 beats per minute.
  • Well-trained athletes may have a resting pulses rate as low as 40 beats per minute.
• Factors affecting pulse rate include:
  • Age
  • Physical fitness
  • Emotional state
  • Medical conditions
    

Characteristics:

• Rate: The number of beats per minute.
• Regularity: The rhythm of the pulses (regular or irregular).
• Strength: The force of the pulses, indicating how strong the blood flow is.
• Equality: Comparing pulses on both sides of the body to ensure they are equal.

Clinical Significance:

• An irregular pulse may indicate an underlying heart condition, such as arrhythmia.
• Weak or absent pulses could suggest poor blood flow or blockages in the arteries.
• Monitoring the pulse is a simple, non-invasive way to assess heart function and overall cardiovascular health.

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