Microbial Genetics & Biotransformation Notes [U-4]

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Immuno blotting techniques

  • Immunoblotting (Western Blotting)
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
  • Western Blotting (Immunoblotting)
  • Structure of Immunoglobulins (Antibodies)
  • Southern Blotting
  • Genetic Organization of Prokaryotes
  • Genetic Organization of Eukaryotes

Microbial Genetics

  • Microbial Genetics
  • Transformation
  • Transduction
  • Conjugation
  • Plasmids
  • Transposons (“Jumping Genes”)
  • Microbial Biotransformation
  • Mutation
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Other Units of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology

Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 5
Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
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Other Subjects of B Pharmacy 6th Semester

Herbal Drug Technology

Topic wise notes of:

Herbal Drug Technology

  • Herbal Raw Materials & Indian Medicine Systems
  • Nutraceuticals: Uses, Herbs & Interactions
  • Herbal Cosmetics, Excipients & Formulations
  • Herbal Drug Evaluation, Patents & Regulations
  • Herbal Industry: Scope, GMP & Infrastructure
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Absorption & Distribution

Topic wise notes of:

Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics

  • Biopharmaceutics: Absorption & Distribution
  • Drug Elimination, Bioavailability & Bioequivalence
  • Pharmacokinetics Models, Dosing & Parameters
  • Multicompartment models
  • Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics
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Pharmacology III Respiratory and GI Tract

Topic wise notes of:

Pharmacology III

  • Respiratory & GI Tract Drug Pharmacology
  • Chemotherapy: Principles & Key Antibiotics
  • Chemotherapy: TB, Fungal & Parasitic Drugs
  • UTIs, Cancer Chemo & Immunopharmacology
  • Toxicology Basics & Chrono pharmacology
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Antibiotics & Aminoglycosides in Medicinal Chemistry III

Topic wise notes of:

Medicinal Chemistry III

  • Antibiotics & Aminoglycosides
  • Antibiotics & Antimalarials: Structures & SAR
  • Anti-TB, UTI & Antiviral Agents
  • Antifungals, Antiprotozoals & Sulfonamides
  • Intro to Drug Design & QSAR Approaches
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Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance

Topic wise notes of:

Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance

  • Quality Assurance, GMP, ICH, QbD & Quality System
  • GMP: Personnel, Premises & Equipment Control
  • Quality Control and Good Laboratory Practice
  • Complaints & Document Management
  • Calibration and Warehousing
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Summary: Immunoblotting, Genetics, and Microbial Applications

  1. Immunoblotting Techniques:
    • ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay): Detects antigens or antibodies using enzyme-linked indicators.
    • Western Blotting: Identifies specific proteins via antibody binding after gel electrophoresis.
    • Southern Blotting: Detects specific DNA sequences using labeled DNA probes.
  2. Genetic Organization:
    • Prokaryotes: Circular DNA, no nucleus, minimal introns.
    • Eukaryotes: Linear chromosomes within nucleus, complex with introns and regulatory sequences.
  3. Microbial Genetics:
    • Transformation: Uptake of free DNA from the environment.
    • Transduction: Gene transfer via bacteriophages.
    • Conjugation: Direct DNA transfer between bacteria through pili.
    • Plasmids: Extra-chromosomal DNA elements carrying beneficial genes.
    • Transposons: “Jumping genes” that move within genomes, causing variation.
  4. Microbial Biotransformation:
    • Microbes convert substances into useful products (e.g., antibiotics, steroids).
  5. Mutation:
    • Types: Point, insertion, deletion, frameshift, silent, missense, nonsense.
    • Leads to phenotypic changes or adaptation

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