Biopharmaceutics: Absorption & Distribution Notes [U-1]

Introduction to Biopharmaceutics and Absorption

• Introduction to Biopharmaceutics
• Mechanisms of Drug Absorption Through the Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT)
• Factors Influencing Drug Absorption Through the Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT)
• Absorption of drug from Non per-oral extra-vascular routes

Distribution

• Drug Distribution in Biopharmaceutics
• Physiological Properties Affecting Drug Distribution
• Physiological Barriers to Drug Distribution
• Tissue Permeability of Drugs
• Binding of Drugs
• Apparent Volume of Distribution (Vd)
• Plasma Protein Binding of Drugs
• Tissue Protein Binding of Drugs
• Factors Affecting Protein-Drug Binding
• Kinetics of Protein Binding
• Clinical significance of protein binding of drugs

Other Units of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics

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Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics

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Other Subjects of B Pharmacy 6th Semester

Unit-I: Introduction to Biopharmaceutics: Absorption & Distribution

This unit introduces the fundamental concepts of biopharmaceutics, focusing on the journey of drugs through the body, particularly concerning absorption, distribution, and protein binding.

1. Drug Absorption

• Mechanisms through GIT: Includes passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport, and endocytosis.
• Factors Influencing GIT Absorption: Drug solubility, pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal motility, and presence of food or enzymes.
• Non-Oral Extravascular Routes: Covers drug absorption via routes like intramuscular, subcutaneous, and transdermal pathways, each with unique absorption profiles.

2. Drug Distribution

• Tissue Permeability: Depends on drug properties (lipophilicity, ionization) and tissue characteristics (blood flow, membrane permeability).
• Binding of Drugs: Involves reversible interaction with plasma and tissue proteins, affecting free drug concentration and efficacy.
• Volume of Distribution (Vd): A theoretical value indicating the extent of drug distribution in body tissues.

3. Protein-Drug Binding

• Plasma and Tissue Binding: Influences drug activity, duration, and elimination.
• Factors Affecting Binding: Include drug concentration, protein levels, and affinity.
• Kinetics and Clinical Significance: Binding dynamics impact drug dosing, potential drug interactions, and therapeutic effectiveness.

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