Biopesticides/bioinsecticides

Biopesticides/bioinsecticides are natural pest control agents derived from microbes and plants used for safe and sustainable farming.

Biopesticides and Bioinsecticides

• Biopesticides, also known as biological pesticides, are natural pest control agents derived from bacteria, fungi, viruses, plants, and other living organisms.
• They effectively manage insects, mites, and plant pathogens while being environmentally friendly and safer than conventional chemical pesticides.
• Bioinsecticides are a type of biopesticide specifically targeting insect pests.
• They are widely used in field crops, orchards, and greenhouses to control pests without harming non-target organisms.

Examples of Biopesticides/Bioinsecticides:

• Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) – A bacterium that produces insecticidal toxins.
• Neem Oil – A botanical pesticide effective against a range of insects.

Types of Biopesticides/Bioinsecticides:

1. Microbial Pesticides:

   • Made from bacteria, fungi, and viruses.
   • Examples: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae.

2. Botanical Pesticides:

   • Derived from plant extracts and essential oils.
   • Examples: Neem oil, pyrethrin, rotenone.

3. Biochemical Pesticides:

   • Use naturally occurring substances like pheromones or plant growth regulators.
   • Examples: Insect sex pheromones, azadirachtin (from neem).

4. Predatory Insects:

   • Beneficial insects that prey on pests.
   • Examples: Ladybugs, praying mantises.

5. Parasitoids:

   • Insects that lay eggs inside pests, eventually killing them.
   • Examples: Parasitic wasps, parasitic flies.

6. Insect-Killing Nematodes:

   • Microscopic worms that attack soil-dwelling pests.
   • Examples: Steinernema and Heterorhabditis species.

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