Factors Influencing the Choice of Containers

• Product Nature: Factors Influencing the Choice of Containers depend on product sensitivity to light, moisture, or air.
• Usage & Storage: Factors Influencing the Choice of Containers also rely on ease of handling, dosing, and storage conditions.

1. Physicochemical Properties of the Drug

   • Sensitivity to light, moisture, oxygen, or pH changes.
   • Tendency for adsorption or absorption onto the packaging material.

2. Product Formulation

   • Liquid, semi-solid, or solid forms.
   • Sterility requirements (e.g., injectables).
   • Volatility or reactivity of ingredients.

3. Route of Administration

   • Parenteral products (injections) demand the highest level of packaging integrity (e.g., Type I glass vials).
   • Oral solids require protection primarily from moisture and oxygen.

4. Compatibility and Safety

   • Risk of leachables or extractables from plastic or metal.
   • Potential for product contamination or degradation.

5. Shelf Life and Stability Requirements

   • Products with a longer shelf life need more robust barrier properties.
   • Influence of temperature fluctuations during transportation or storage.

6. Regulatory and Legal Constraints

   1. Must meet pharmacopoeial standards (e.g., USP, EP) and FDA/EMA guidelines.
   2. Child-resistant and tamper-evident requirements for certain products.

7. Cost and Convenience

   • Manufacturing feasibility, recycling, and consumer convenience (e.g., lightweight packaging).

8. Environmental Considerations

   • Sustainability, recyclability, and carbon footprint.
   • Reduced reliance on non-renewable resources.

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