Flow Properties

• Flow properties describe how powders or granules move under force, critical for efficient processing in pharmaceutical and industrial applications.
• Good flow properties ensure uniform mixing, accurate dosing, and smooth manufacturing, reducing defects and improving product quality.

Definition:

• The ability of powder particles to flow under gravity or mechanical force.

Factors Affecting Flow:

1. Particle Size: Fine particles (<100 µm) often have poor flow.
2. Shape: Irregular shapes interlock, hindering flow, whereas spherical particles flow more easily.
3. Moisture Content: Hygroscopic drugs absorb water, leading to cohesion and reduced flow.

Measurement Methods:

1. Angle of Repose: Measures the maximum angle at which powder can be piled without collapsing.
2. Bulk and Tapped Density: Determines compressibility and flowability.
3. Hausner Ratio and Carr’s Index: Evaluate flowability based on bulk and tapped density differences.

Importance:

• Critical for ensuring uniform mixing, dose accuracy, and smooth manufacturing processes.

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