Pharmacy as a career is a diverse and rewarding career with numerous opportunities for growth. Pharmacists play a crucial role in healthcare, ensuring the safe and effective use of medicines. Here are key reasons to consider a career in pharmacy: Diverse Career Opportunities for Pharmacy as a career: Pharmacists can work in various settings, including … Read more
Ambenonium Chloride is a synthetic quaternary ammonium compound classified as a cholinesterase inhibitor. It functions by reversibly inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, thereby increasing the concentration of acetylcholine at neuromuscular junctions. Chemical Formula: C₂₀H₂₈Cl₂N₄O₂ Mechanism of Action: Reversible AChE inhibitor Does not cross BBB Uses of Ambenonium Chloride: Myasthenia gravis (alternative to neostigmine/pyridostigmine) Side Effects of … Read more
Tacrine Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of Tacrine, a centrally acting cholinesterase inhibitor. It is primarily used in the management of mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease to enhance cholinergic transmission in the brain by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. Chemical Formula: C₁₃H₁₄ClN Mechanism of Action: Reversible AChE inhibitor; crosses BBB. Also has NMDA antagonist Uses … Read more
Chlorambucil is an anti-neoplastic alkylating agent used to treat leukemia and lymphomas by interfering with cancer cell DNA replication. Structure of Chlorambucil Chlorambucil is an oral nitrogen mustard alkylating agent with a chlorinated alkyl chain. Chemical Formula: C₁₄H₁₄Cl₂N₂O₂ Mode of Action DNA Crosslinking: Forms covalent bonds with DNA, leading to crosslinks that inhibit DNA replication. … Read more
Edrophonium Chloride is a short-acting, quaternary ammonium compound classified as a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. It temporarily increases acetylcholine levels at neuromuscular junctions by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. Chemical Formula: C₁₀H₁₆ClNO Mechanism of Action: Short-acting reversible AChE inhibitor. Binds via electrostatic + hydrogen bonding, not covalent. Uses of Edrophonium Chloride: Diagnosis of myasthenia gravis (Tensilon test) … Read more
Melphalan, an anti-neoplastic alkylating agent, is used to treat multiple myeloma and ovarian cancer by damaging cancer cell DNA and inhibiting growth. Structure of Melphalan Melphalan is an alkylating agent belonging to the nitrogen mustard family, featuring a phenylalanine moiety. Chemical Formula: C₁₁H₁₄Cl₂N₂O₂ Mode of Action DNA Alkylation: Forms crosslinks with DNA, disrupting DNA synthesis … Read more
Cyclophosphamide is a widely used alkylating anti-cancer drug that targets DNA to treat lymphomas, leukemias, and solid tumors. Structure of Cyclophosphamide Cyclophosphamide is a prodrug alkylating agent with a nitrogen mustard structure attached to a phosphoramide moiety. Chemical Formula: C₈H₁₅Cl₂N₂O₂P Mode of Action Prodrug Activation: Metabolized in the liver to form active metabolites (phosphoramide mustard … Read more
Meclorethamine is an alkylating anti-cancer drug that inhibits DNA replication, used in treating Hodgkin’s lymphoma and other cancers. Structure of Meclorethamine Meclorethamine, also known as nitrogen mustard, is one of the first alkylating agents used in chemotherapy. Its structure comprises: A mustard moiety with two chloroethyl groups attached to a nitrogen atom. Chemical Formula: C₄H₉Cl₂N … Read more
Pyridostigmine is a quaternary ammonium compound, and a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor used to enhance cholinergic transmission by preventing the breakdown of acetylcholine at neuromuscular junctions. It is primarily indicated for the symptomatic treatment of myasthenia gravis, reversal of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockade, and as a prophylactic agent against nerve gas poisoning. Chemical Formula: C₉H₁₃N₂O₂ Mechanism of … Read more
Anti-neoplastic agents are drugs used to inhibit or stop the growth of cancer cells, aiding in the treatment of various malignancies. Definition: These are specialized drugs used primarily to treat cancer. They work by destroying or inhibiting the growth of cancer cells. However, these agents can also affect healthy cells, leading to various side effects. … Read more
