Electrolytes Used in Replacement Therapy (NaCl)

Preparation of Electrolytes Used in Replacement Therapy

• Natural Sources: Sodium chloride, commonly known as table salt, is primarily obtained through the evaporation of seawater or brine from salt mines.
• Chemical Production: It can be produced through a chemical reaction between sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate and hydrochloric acid:
  • NaOH+HCl→NaCl+H2O
  • Na2CO3+2HCl→2NaCl+H2O+CO2

Properties of Electrolytes Used in Replacement Therapy

• White, crystalline solid
• Melting point: 801°C (1474°F)
• Boiling point: 1413°C (2575°F)
• Highly soluble in water, forming a clear, colorless solution
• Saline taste and odorless
• Ionic compound consisting of Na+ and Cl− ions

Uses

• Widely used as a seasoning and preservative in the food industry
• Key component in intravenous fluids and oral rehydration solutions for treating dehydration and electrolyte imbalances
• Used in isotonic saline solutions for nasal sprays, eye drops, and wound irrigation
• Employed in water softening, de-icing roads, and various industrial processes

Assay

• Assayed using titration methods such as the Volhard method or the Mohr method.
• Volhard Method: Involves adding a known excess of silver nitrate to the sodium chloride solution. The unreacted silver nitrate is then titrated with a standard solution of potassium thiocyanate using ferric ammonium sulfate as an indicator.
• Mohr Method: The sodium chloride solution is titrated with a standard solution of silver nitrate using potassium chromate as an indicator.

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