Levonorgestrel is a synthetic progestin used in birth control and emergency contraception to prevent ovulation and pregnancy. Structure of Levonorgestrel Levonorgestrel is a potent synthetic progestogen, the levorotatory isomer of norgestrel, enhancing its progestational activity. Chemical Formula: C₂₀H₂₉NO₂ Mode of Action Progestogen Activity: Binds to progesterone receptors, inhibiting ovulation and altering endometrial receptivity. Cervical Mucus … Read more
Plant Hormones and Their Applications involve regulating growth, development, and stress responses in plants. Plant Hormones and Their Applications boost yield, improve quality, and aid in crop management and propagation. Introduction to Plant Hormones and Their Applications Plant hormones (phytohormones) regulate growth, development, and stress responses. In pharmacognosy and phytochemistry, they enhance medicinal plant yield, … Read more
Factors Influencing Cultivation of Medicinal Plants include soil, climate, water, and light conditions. Factors Influencing Cultivation of Medicinal Plants impact yield, quality, and active constituent content. Cultivation of medicinal plants is also influenced by several environmental, biological, and agricultural factors that impact growth, yield, and the quality of bioactive compounds. Environmental Factors Climate – Temperature, … Read more
Processing of Medicinal Plants involves cleaning, drying, and preserving plant materials for medicinal use. Processing involves post-harvest handling of medicinal plants to maintain their potency, stability, and purity. Steps in Processing Cleaning Removes dirt, dust, and foreign materials. Washing (if needed) – Aloe vera gel is extracted after thorough washing. Drying Reduces moisture content to … Read more
Storage of Medicinal Plants preserves potency by controlling temperature, humidity, and light exposure. Proper Storage of Medicinal Plants prevents degradation, contamination, and loss of therapeutic value. Proper storage ensures that medicinal plant materials retain their potency and medicinal properties. Factors Affecting Storage Temperature Control: Cool storage (10-15°C) prevents degradation. Essential oils (Peppermint, Eucalyptus) require refrigeration. … Read more
Collection of Medicinal Plants involves gathering plant materials at the right stage for maximum therapeutic value. Collection is the process of harvesting plant materials such as leaves, roots, bark, flowers, and seeds at the right time to ensure maximum potency of active compounds. Proper collection techniques help maintain the medicinal value, sustainability, and purity of … Read more
Cultivation of Medicinal Plants involves controlled growth to ensure quality, yield, and purity of herbal drugs. Cultivation of Medicinal Plants supports sustainable supply, consistency, and preservation of therapeutic plant species. Cultivation is the scientific and controlled growth of medicinal plants to obtain high-quality drugs in a sustainable manner. Importance of Cultivation Prevents overexploitation of wild … Read more
Norgestrel is a synthetic progestin used in contraceptives to prevent ovulation and regulate menstrual cycles. Structure of Norgestrel Norgestrel is a synthetic progestogen with a 19-nor steroid structure, lacking the carbon at position 19 of the progesterone backbone. Chemical Formula: C₂₀H₂₉NO₂ Mode of Action Progestogen Activity: Mimics the effects of natural progesterone, regulating the menstrual … Read more
Mifepristone is a progesterone receptor antagonist used for medical abortion and to manage certain hormonal disorders. Structure of Mifepristone Mifepristone is a synthetic steroid with both antiglucocorticoid and antiprogestational properties, featuring a RU486 core structure. Chemical Formula: C₂₈H₃₈N₂O₄ Mode of Action Progesterone Receptor Antagonism: Blocks progesterone receptors, disrupting the uterine lining and preventing implantation. Glucocorticoid … Read more
Oral contraceptives are drugs used to prevent pregnancy and typically contain synthetic estrogen and progesterone. Normal Mechanism of Estrogen and Progesterone in Pregnancy Egg Production & Fertilization: The ovaries produce an egg (ovum) and release it into the fallopian tube, where it may be fertilized by sperm. Uterus Preparation: The uterus prepares for a fertilized … Read more
