Structure of Amyl Nitrite
- It is an organic compound belonging to the class of alkyl nitrites. It consists of a nitrite group attached to an amyl (pentyl) chain.
- Chemical Formula: C₅H₁₁NO₂
Mode of Action
- Nitric Oxide Donor: It releases nitric oxide (NO) upon metabolism.
- Vasodilation: NO activates guanylate cyclase in vascular smooth muscle, increasing cyclic GMP levels and leading to smooth muscle relaxation.
- Reduction of Afterload: Decreases venous return and arterial resistance, reducing cardiac workload.
Uses
- Angina Pectoris: Provides rapid relief from acute angina attacks by dilating coronary arteries.
- Sydenham’s Chorea: Used off-label for its vasodilatory effects.
- Recreational Use: Sometimes abused for its euphoric effects.
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