- Atenolol is a medication that belongs to a class of drugs called beta-blockers. It is primarily used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension), angina (chest pain), and to improve survival after a heart attack.
- Atenolol works by blocking the action of certain natural chemicals in the body, such as adrenaline, on the heart and blood vessels.
Chemical Structure & Formula:
- A beta₁-selective blocker featuring an aromatic ring linked to a hydroxypropanolamine side chain.
- Approximate Formula: C₁₄H₂₂N₂O₃
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Mechanism of Action:
- Selectively blocks β₁ receptors, predominantly in cardiac tissue.
- This leads to a reduction in heart rate, contractility, and cardiac output with minimal impact on β₂ receptors.
Side Effects of Atenolol:
- Fatigue and lethargy
- Cold extremities
- Mild bradycardia and hypotension
- Rare gastrointestinal disturbances
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Clinical Uses of Atenolol:
- Employed for the management of hypertension, angina pectoris, and secondary prevention following myocardial infarction.
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