Cerebrum Structure And Functions

cerebrum

Cerebrum is the largest and most complex part of the human brain, responsible for higher cognitive functions such as thinking, learning, memory, language, and conscious perception. It is divided into two cerebral hemispheres (left and right) connected by a bundle of nerve fibers called the corpus callosum, which enables communication between the two hemispheres. Cerebral … Read more

Brain

brain

The brain is the central organ of the nervous system, responsible for processing sensory information, controlling movement, regulating vital functions, and enabling cognitive functions like thinking and memory. It consists of billions of neurons connected by trillions of synapses and is protected by the skull, meninges, cerebrospinal fluid, and the blood-brain barrier. Main Regions of … Read more

Ventricles Of Brain And Cerebrospinal Fluid

ventricular system and cerebrospinal fluid

The ventricles of the brain are interconnected, fluid-filled cavities within the brain that produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). There are four ventricles in total: 1. Two lateral ventricles (one in each hemisphere): These C-shaped ventricles are the largest and are located in the cerebral hemispheres. Each lateral ventricle has a central body and three … Read more

Action Potential

Action Potential

An action potential, also known as a nerve impulse, is a rapid and temporary change in the electrical potential across the cell membrane of a neuron. It serves as the primary means of transmitting information within the nervous system. Action potentials are all-or-nothing events, meaning they either occur with full amplitude or not at all, … Read more

Neuroglia

Neuroglia

Neuroglia, or glial cells, are non-neuronal cells in the nervous system that support, protect, and maintain the proper functioning of neurons. They play vital roles in providing structural support, modulating synaptic transmission, and maintaining the extracellular environment. There are several types of glial cells, each with specific functions The classification of neuroglia cells can be … Read more

Receptors (Neuroreceptor)

Receptors (Neuroreceptor) are specialized proteins located on the surface of neurons and other cells in the nervous system. They play a crucial role in communication between neurons by detecting and responding to signaling molecules such as neurotransmitters, hormones, and other chemical messengers. Types of Receptors: Ionotropic Receptors (Neuroreceptor): Also known as ligand-gated ion channels. When … Read more

Neurotransmitters

Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that play a crucial role in transmitting signals between neurons in the nervous system. Released by the presynaptic neuron at a synapse, they diffuse across the synaptic cleft and bind to specific receptors on the postsynaptic neuron. This binding can either excite or inhibit the postsynaptic neuron, influencing the likelihood of … Read more

Nerve Fibers

Nerve Fibers

Nerve fibers are long extensions of neurons that transmit electrical signals throughout the nervous system. They consist of axons covered by a myelin sheath and are classified into three main types based on diameter, myelination, and conduction velocity: A, B, and C fibers. Types of Nerve Fibers: A Fibers: Myelinated with a large diameter (1-22 … Read more

Nerve Impulse

A nerve impulse, also known as an action potential, is an electrical signal that travels along the nerve cells or neurons in the nervous system. It is the fundamental mechanism through which neurons communicate with each other and transmit information. Nerve impulses are crucial for processing sensory input, generating motor output, and enabling higher cognitive … Read more