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Definition of Erectile Dysfunction Erectile Dysfunction is the inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual performance. Causes of Erectile Dysfunction Physical Factors: Cardiovascular Diseases: Poor blood flow to the penis. Diabetes: Nerve and blood vessel damage. Hormonal Imbalances: Low testosterone. Neurological Disorders: Parkinson’s, multiple sclerosis. Medications: Certain blood pressure drugs, antidepressants. … Read more

Diethyl Stilbestrol is a synthetic estrogen formerly used in pregnancy and certain cancers. Structure of Diethyl Stilbestrol Diethyl stilbestrol (DES) is a synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen with a stilbene backbone, featuring two phenyl groups connected by a double bond and ethyl substituents. Chemical Formula: C₁₆H₂₀O₂ Mode of Action Estrogen Receptor Activation: Binds to estrogen receptors, mimicking … Read more

Oestrone is a natural estrogen important for female reproductive health and postmenopausal hormone balance. Structure of Oestrone Oestrone is one of the three primary endogenous estrogens, characterized by a cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene structure with a ketone group at the 17 position and a hydroxyl group at the 3 position. Chemical Formula: C₁₈H₂₄O₂ Mode of Action Estrogen Receptor … Read more

Oestradiol is a potent estrogen that regulates menstrual cycles, fertility, and secondary sexual traits. Structure of Oestradiol Oestradiol is the most potent endogenous estrogen, featuring a cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene structure with two hydroxyl groups at the 3 and 17 positions. Chemical Formula: C₁₈H₂₄O₂ Mode of Action Estrogen Receptor Activation: Binds to estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ), regulating … Read more

Oestriol is a natural estrogen hormone involved in pregnancy and female reproductive health. Structure of Oestriol Oestriol is one of the three major endogenous estrogens, characterized by a cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene structure with three hydroxyl groups. Chemical Formula: C₁₈H₂₄O₃ Mode of Action Estrogen Receptor Activation: Binds to estrogen receptors, regulating gene transcription involved in reproductive and non-reproductive … Read more