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Sero-Taxonomical Classification: Identifies plant species using antigen–antibody reactions for precise taxonomic grouping. Sero-Taxonomical Classification: Combines serology with taxonomy to reveal evolutionary relationships among plants. This method uses serological (antibody-antigen) reactions to classify drugs. It is a modern approach used mainly in biotechnology, genetic research, and plant authentication. How It Works? Uses serological techniques (antigen-antibody reactions) … Read more

Definition: Chemo-Taxonomical Classification groups plants based on chemical constituents for systematic study. Importance: Chemo-Taxonomical Classification aids in identifying plant relationships and medicinal properties. This classification is based on the relationship between plant taxonomy and chemical constituents. It helps in understanding how plant species in the same family may produce similar types of chemical compounds. Examples: … Read more

Pharmacological Classification Overview – Categorizing drugs based on their therapeutic effects and mechanisms of action. Drugs are classified based on their therapeutic effects or mode of action on the body. This classification is important for doctors, pharmacists, and healthcare professionals. Categories and Examples: Category Examples Analgesics (Pain relievers) Morphine, Codeine Antipyretics (Reduce fever) Aspirin, Cinchona … Read more

Definition: Chemical Classification groups substances by molecular structure & properties.  classification is based on the active chemical constituents present in the drug. It is widely used in pharmaceutical research. Categories and Examples: Category Examples Alkaloids Morphine (Opium), Quinine (Cinchona), Atropine (Belladonna) Glycosides Digoxin (Digitalis), Sennosides (Senna) Tannins Catechu, Tea Flavonoids Rutin (Citrus fruits), Quercetin (Onion, … Read more

Taxonomical Classification – Systematic arrangement of organisms into hierarchical ranks based on shared traits. Taxonomical Classification – Organizes biodiversity into kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. This classification follows botanical and zoological taxonomy, grouping drugs based on their family, genus, and species according to the classification system of Carl Linnaeus. Examples: Family: Solanaceae … Read more

Definition: Alphabetical Classification arranges items in A–Z order for quick reference and systematic organization. Uses: Alphabetical Classification simplifies indexing, retrieval, and categorization in libraries, research, and data management. In this method, drugs are arranged in alphabetical order based on their common name, botanical name, or official name as listed in pharmacopoeias or reference books. Examples: … Read more

Morphological Classification: Groups crude drugs by plant parts like leaves, roots, seeds, and flowers This classification is based on the plant part used or the morphological characteristics of the drug. It helps in the identification of crude drugs. Categories and Examples: Category Examples Leaf drugs Senna, Tea, Digitalis Bark drugs Cinchona, Cinnamon Root drugs Rauwolfia, … Read more

The classification of drugs is a fundamental aspect of pharmacognosy and pharmacology, facilitating the systematic study, identification, and utilization of medicinal substances. Drugs can be classified based on various criteria, each highlighting different characteristics and applications. The primary classification methods include: Alphabetical Classification Morphological Classification Taxonomical Classification Chemical Classification Pharmacological Classification Chemo-Taxonomical Classification Sero-Taxonomical Classification … Read more

Unorganized drugs are derived from the non-structural components of plants or organisms. These substances are typically exudates, secretions, or other plant-derived materials that do not maintain the organized structure of the source. They are usually obtained through extraction processes involving solvents and may require further purification to isolate active constituents. Subcategories of Unorganized Drugs: 1. … Read more