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History of Pharmacy Education has evolved from traditional apprenticeships to structured university-based programs emphasizing science, clinical skills, and patient care. History of Pharmacy Education in India: Pharmacy education in India began in 1863 with the first pharmacy course at Calcutta Medical College. The modern framework was established after the Pharmacy Act of 1948, which set … Read more
History of Indian pharmacy traces ancient Ayurveda, Siddha, and herbal traditions in drug use. The History of the Indian pharmacy profession in India can be divided into four main phases: ancient history, the colonial period, the post-independence period, and the modern era. Ancient History of Indian pharmacy: Pharmacy in India has roots in traditional systems … Read more
Cancer is a group of diseases marked by uncontrolled cell growth, potentially spreading to other parts of the body and affecting vital organ function. Definition: It refers to the uncontrolled growth and division of body cells, leading to the formation of abnormal tissues known as neoplasms or tumors. Neoplasm: A mass of tissue that develops … Read more
Redox titrations are of various types, including permanganate, dichromate, iodometric, and iodimetric titrations. 1. Cerimetry: Principle: Cerimetry involves the use of cerium(IV) salts, such as cerium(IV) sulfate, as the oxidizing titrant. In this process, cerium(IV) ions are reduced to cerium(III) ions when they react with reducing agents in the analyte. Applications: Cerimetry is used to … Read more
Introduction to Tannins: Polyphenolic compounds found in plants with astringent properties. Introduction to Tannins: Used in leather tanning, medicine, and as antioxidants. Tannins are water-soluble polyphenolic compounds found in many plants that bind and precipitate proteins, offering astringent properties. Structure & Classification: Polyphenolic Nature: High-molecular-weight polyphenolic compounds. Types: Hydrolyzable Tannin: Gallic or ellagic acid esterified … Read more
General Introduction of Opium: Opium alkaloids are among the most ancient and widely used natural products, valued for their analgesic, antitussive, and sedative properties. They are primarily derived from the latex of the opium poppy. Synonyms of Opium: Common Name: Poppy alkaloids Scientific Name: Papaver somniferum alkaloids Other Names: Morphine, Codeine, Papaverine alkaloids Biological Source: … Read more
General Introduction to Coriander (Coriander Oil): Coriander oil is obtained from the seeds of Coriander and is valued for its digestive, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. It is also a popular flavoring agent. Synonyms of Coriander: Common name: Coriander Scientific name: Coriandrum sativum Synonyms: Dhania (Hindi) Biological Source: Volatile oil is obtained from the dried fruits … Read more
General Introduction to Fennel (Fennel Oil): Fennel oil is derived from the seeds of fennel and is known for its aromatic, carminative, and galactagogue properties. It is commonly used in treating digestive disorders and as a flavoring agent. Synonyms of Fennel (Fennel Oil): Common name: Fennel Scientific name: Foeniculum vulgare Synonyms: Saunf (Hindi) Biological Source: … Read more
General Introduction to Clove (Clove Oil): Clove oil is a volatile oil known for its powerful antiseptic, analgesic, and aromatic properties. It is primarily used in dentistry for toothache relief and in traditional medicine as an antimicrobial agent. Synonyms of Clove: Common name: Clove Scientific name: Syzygium aromaticum (formerly Eugenia caryophyllus) Synonyms: Laung (Hindi) Biological … Read more
General Introduction to Cinnamon (Cinnamon Oil): A fragrant spice derived from the inner bark of Cinnamomum trees, known for its warm, sweet flavor and aromatic qualities. It is valued for its warming, antimicrobial, and antifungal properties, as well as its use as a flavoring agent. Synonyms of Cinnamon (Cinnamon Oil): Common name: Cinnamon Scientific name: … Read more
