Definition
- Assessing pharmacological activity or toxicological profile using bioassays (in vitro or in vivo).
Examples
- Cardiotonic Activity Tests: e.g., Digitalis leaf assay on isolated frog heart.
- Antimicrobial Tests: Agar diffusion or dilution methods for detecting antibacterial or antifungal properties.
- Toxicity Tests: Acute, subacute, or chronic toxicity studies in animals.
Significance
- Reflects the true therapeutic or toxic potential of the crude drug.
- Captures possible synergistic or antagonistic interactions of multiple constituents.
Limitations
- Ethical and regulatory constraints in animal testing.
- Biological systems can introduce variability in results.
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