- Castor Oil promotes hair growth, moisturizes skin, and supports digestive health naturally.
- Castor Oil is widely used in cosmetics, medicines, and industrial applications for its healing properties.
General Information of Castor Oil
- Synonyms: Oleum Palmae Christi, Ricinus Oil.
- Biological Source:
- Derived from seeds of Ricinus communis.
- Family: Euphorbiaceae.
- Geographical Source:
- Major producers: India, China, Brazil, USA, Thailand.
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Macroscopical Characters of Castor Oil
- Color: Pale yellow to colorless.
- Odor: Mild characteristic odor.
- Taste: Slightly acrid, unpleasant.
- Consistency: Viscous liquid, non-drying oil.
Chemical Constituents of Castor Oil
- Fixed Oils:
- Ricinoleic Acid (85-90
- Linoleic Acid, Oleic Acid, Stearic Acid – Minor components.
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- Toxic Components: Ricin (a highly toxic protein present in raw seeds).
Mechanism of Action
- As a Laxative: Ricinoleic acid stimulates the intestinal mucosa, increasing peristalsis and water secretion.
- As a Drug Carrier: Enhances solubility and bioavailability of hydrophobic drugs.
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Preparation
- Seed Collection & Cleaning: Seeds are harvested and dried.
- Cold Pressing or Solvent Extraction: Oil is extracted from seeds.
- Purification: Degumming, neutralization, bleaching, and deodorization.
Evaluation
- Solubility: Soluble in alcohol, insoluble in water.
- Identification Tests:
- Ricinoleic Acid Test – Castor oils reacts with potassium hydroxide, forming a viscous gel.
- Iodine Value Test – Determines unsaturation level.
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Preservation & Storage
- Stored in tightly sealed containers in a cool place to prevent rancidity.
Therapeutic Uses
- Strong laxative (purgative).
- Lubricant in eye drops and ointments.
- Used in drug formulations (carrier oil for hydrophobic drugs).
Commercial Utility
- Used in cosmetics (moisturizers, hair oils).
- Used in paints and coatings (as a plasticizer).
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