General Introduction to Catechu (Tannins):
- Catechu, commonly known as cutch, is a tannin-rich material obtained from the wood of specific Acacia species.
- It has been traditionally used for its astringent, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing properties.
Synonyms of Catechu (Tannins):
- Common name: Cutch, Black catechu
- Scientific name: Acacia catechu
- Synonyms: Katha (Hindi)
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Biological Source:
- Extracted from the heartwood of Acacia catechu.
Family:
- Fabaceae
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Composition:
- Major tannins:
- Catechin: A flavonoid-based tannin.
- Catechutannic acid: A condensed tannin.
- Epicatechin
- Also contains gallic acid, gum, and resin.
Chemistry & Chemical Classes:
- Chemical Class: Condensed tannins (proanthocyanidins).
- Structure:
- Catechins are flavonoids with hydroxyl groups that contribute to their antioxidant and astringent properties.
- Solubility: Soluble in water and alcohol.
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Therapeutic Uses:
- Astringent: Used for treating diarrhea, dysentery, and bleeding gums.
- Anti-inflammatory: Reduces swelling and inflammation in wounds.
- Antioxidant: Neutralizes free radicals, promoting tissue healing.
- Antimicrobial: Effective against bacterial infections.
Commercial Applications of Catechu (Tannins):
- Used in tooth powders, mouthwashes, and wound-healing preparations.
- Employed in the tanning of leather and dyeing of fabrics.
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