Cyclothiazide is a thiazide diuretic used to manage hypertension and fluid retention by increasing renal excretion of sodium and water. Structure of Cyclothiazide Cyclothiazide is a thiazide diuretic with a cyclohexane ring substitution, differing structurally from other thiazides. Chemical Formula: C₁₂H₁₅ClN₃O₄S₂ Mode of Action Thiazide Receptor Blocking: Inhibits the sodium-chloride symporter in the distal convoluted … Read more
Hydroflumethiazide is a thiazide diuretic used to treat high blood pressure and edema by promoting renal excretion of sodium and water. Structure of Hydroflumethiazide Hydroflumethiazide is a thiazide diuretic with a fluorine atom substitution, enhancing its potency and duration of action. Chemical Formula: C₈H₈ClF₅N₃O₄S₂ Mode of Action Thiazide Receptor Blocking: Inhibits the sodium-chloride symporter in … Read more
Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic used to manage hypertension and edema by increasing sodium and water excretion. Structure of Hydrochlorothiazide Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic similar to chlorthiazide but with a hydrochloride salt form to enhance solubility. Chemical Formula: C₇H₇ClN₃O₄S₂·HCl Mode of Action Thiazide Receptor Blocking: Inhibits the sodium-chloride symporter in the distal convoluted tubule. … Read more
Chlorthiazide is a thiazide diuretic used to treat hypertension and edema by promoting sodium and water excretion through the kidneys. Structure of Chlorthiazide Chlorthiazide is a sulfonamide derivative belonging to the thiazide diuretic class, characterized by a benzothiadiazine structure with chlorine substituents. Chemical Formula: C₇H₇ClN₃O₄S₂ Mode of Action Thiazide Receptor Blocking: Inhibits the sodium-chloride symporter … Read more
Dichlorphenamide is a diuretic used to treat glaucoma and periodic paralysis by inhibiting carbonic anhydrase and reducing fluid buildup. Structure of Dichlorphenamide Dichlorphenamide is a sulfonamide derivative with two chlorine atoms attached to the benzene ring and a central sulfonamide group. Chemical Formula: C₆H₇Cl₂N₃O₃S₂ Mode of Action Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibition: Blocks carbonic anhydrase activity, reducing … Read more
Methazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used to reduce intraocular pressure in glaucoma by decreasing aqueous humor production. Structure of Methazolamide It is a thiazide-like carbonic anhydrase inhibitor with a central sulfonamide group attached to a benzene ring and a thiazole moiety. Chemical Formula: C₅H₇N₃O₃S₂ Mode of Action Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibition: Similar to acetazolamide, methazolamide … Read more
Diuretics are a class of medications that promote the excretion of water and electrolytes (such as sodium and potassium) through the kidneys. They are primarily used to manage conditions like hypertension (high blood pressure), heart failure, kidney disorders, and certain cases of edema (fluid retention). By increasing urine output, diuretics help reduce blood volume, thereby … Read more
Nimodipine is a calcium channel blocker used to prevent brain damage after subarachnoid hemorrhage by improving cerebral blood flow. Structure of Nimodipine Nimodipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker with a substituted phenyl ring and a methoxyethyl side chain attached to the dihydropyridine core. Chemical Formula: C₂₄H₃₀N₂O₆ Mode of Action Calcium Channel Blocking: Selectively inhibits … Read more
Nicardipine is a calcium channel blocker used to manage angina and hypertension by easing blood vessel tension and improving flow. Structure of Nicardipine Nicardipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker with a substituted phenyl ring and a methoxyethyl group attached to the dihydropyridine core. Chemical Formula: C₂₂H₂₆N₂O₆ Mode of Action Calcium Channel Blocking: Inhibits L-type … Read more
Acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor diuretic used for glaucoma, altitude sickness, and some seizure and edema conditions. Structure of Acetazolamide Acetazolamide is a sulfonamide derivative with a central sulfonamide group attached to a benzene ring and a dithiocarbamate moiety. Chemical Formula: C₄H₆N₂O₃S₂ Mode of Action Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibition: Acetazolamide inhibits the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, … Read more
