Conductometric Titrations

• Conductometric Titrations involve the gradual addition of a titrant (a solution of known concentration) to an analyte (a solution of unknown concentration) while continuously monitoring the conductivity of the mixture.
• The titration curve, which plots conductivity as a function of titrant volume, shows characteristic changes that reflect the reaction between the analyte and the titrant.
• This allows for determining the end-point of the titration and calculating the concentration of the analyte.

Types of Conductometric Titrations:

1. Acid-Base Titrations

   • Involves the neutralization of an acid by a base (or vice versa).
   • The change in the number of ions in the solution, along with their mobility, results in a change in conductivity.

2. Precipitation Titrations

   • Occurs when a precipitate forms as the titrant reacts with the analyte.
   • The formation of a precipitate reduces the number of free ions in the solution, which decreases conductivity.

3. Redox Titrations

   • Involves reactions between reducing and oxidizing agents.
   • The conductivity changes as the redox-active species are converted to different ionic forms.

4. Complexometric Titrations

   • These titrations involve the formation of a complex between the analyte and the titrant.
   • This reaction results in a change in the concentration of free ions in the solution, leading to a corresponding change in conductivity.

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