Diabetes Mellitus

• Also known as Diabetes, diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by chronically high blood sugar levels.
• In this condition, the body cannot effectively regulate blood sugar levels.

Symptoms

• Excessive urination
• Glucose present in urine
• Increased thirst
• Increased appetite
• Feeling weak and tired

Causes

• Defects in insulin formation, secretion, or action
• Obesity and inactive lifestyle
• Family history and genetic factors
• High carbohydrate (glucose) diet
• Heart and blood vessel diseases

Types of Diabetes Mellitus:

1. Type I

   • Known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
   • Pancreatic beta-cells are destroyed, leading to little or no insulin production.
   • It is a chronic condition typically found in children.
   • Insulin injections are required as treatment.

2. Type II

   • Known as non-insulin dependent.
   • A chronic condition in which the body’s cells in the liver, muscle, and fat become resistant to insulin.
   • Glucose uptake by the cells is reduced.
   • Oral hypoglycemic agents are used as treatment.

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