Diethyl Stilbestrol

Diethyl Stilbestrol is a synthetic estrogen formerly used in pregnancy and certain cancers.

Diethyl stilbestrol (DES) is a synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen with a stilbene backbone, featuring two phenyl groups connected by a double bond and ethyl substituents.
Chemical Formula: C₁₆H₂₀O₂

Estrogen Receptor Activation: Binds to estrogen receptors, mimicking the effects of endogenous estrogens.
Hormonal Regulation: Influences reproductive and systemic functions through estrogenic activity.
Cell Proliferation: Promotes the growth and differentiation of estrogen-sensitive tissues.

Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Historically used to manage menopausal symptoms, though largely discontinued due to severe side effects.
Breast Cancer Treatment: Initially used in hormone-sensitive breast cancers but replaced by safer alternatives.
Prostate Cancer: Employed in the past to reduce testosterone levels, but now superseded by more effective therapies.
Preventive Oncology: Investigated for cancer prevention, though limited by safety concerns.

Teratogenic Effects: Associated with clear cell adenocarcinoma in daughters of women who took DES during pregnancy.
Cardiovascular Risks: Increased risk of thromboembolism and stroke.
Endometrial Cancer: Elevated risk in women exposed to DES.
Reproductive Issues: Infertility and reproductive tract abnormalities linked to prenatal exposure.