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Diffusion Principles in Biological Systems

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Fick's Laws of Diffusion

A) First Law

  • States that the rate of diffusion is proportional to the concentration gradient.

  • Describes the flux of molecules:

  • J is the flux, D is the diffusion coefficient, is the concentration gradient.

B) Second Law

  • Explains that diffusion causes changes in concentration over time.

Permeability Coefficient (P)

  • Determines the rate at which a drug diffuses across a membrane.

Partition Coefficient (K)

  • Ratio of concentrations of a compound in a mixture of two immiscible phases at equilibrium.

Factors Affecting Diffusion Principles in Biological Systems

  • Molecular size, lipophilicity, ionization state, and membrane properties.

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