Diltiazem Hydrochloride is a calcium channel blocker used in angina to relax blood vessels and lower heart rate, reducing oxygen demand.
Structure of Diltiazem Hydrochloride
- It is a benzothiazepine derivative with an imidazole ring fused to a thiazepine ring, attached to methoxy and ethyl substituents.
- Chemical Formula: C₂₀H₂₄N₂O₄S·HCl
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Mode of Action
- Calcium Channel Blocking: Inhibits L-type calcium channels in cardiac and smooth muscle.
- Negative Inotropic Effect: Decreases myocardial contractility.
- Negative Chronotropic Effect: Slows heart rate by affecting sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes.
- Vasodilation: Relaxes vascular smooth muscle, reducing blood pressure.
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Uses
- Hypertension: Lowers blood pressure through vasodilation.
- Angina Pectoris: Alleviates chest pain by reducing myocardial oxygen demand.
- Supraventricular Tachycardia: Manages certain types of rapid heart rhythms.
- Arrhythmias: Treats various cardiac arrhythmias.
- Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy: Reduces ventricular outflow tract obstruction.
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