Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor used in hypertension and heart failure by relaxing blood vessels and reducing blood pressure.
Structure of Enalapril
- Enalapril is a prodrug ACE inhibitor converted to enalaprilat in vivo, featuring a proline derivative linked to a diethyl ester.
- Chemical Formula: C₁₇H₂₅N₃O₅
Mode of Action
- Prodrug Activation: Converted to active enalaprilat in the liver.
- ACE Inhibition: Blocks the formation of angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and reduced aldosterone secretion.
- Renal Effects: Protects against renal scarring in diabetic and hypertensive nephropathy.
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Uses
- Hypertension: Lowers blood pressure by reducing angiotensin II levels.
- Heart Failure: Enhances cardiac function by reducing afterload and preload.
- Post-Myocardial Infarction: Prevents adverse remodeling and improves survival rates.
- Diabetic Nephropathy: Slows the progression of kidney disease in diabetic patients.
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