Fennel (Fennel Oil)

General Introduction to Fennel (Fennel Oil):

• Fennel oil is derived from the seeds of fennel and is known for its aromatic, carminative, and galactagogue properties.
• It is commonly used in treating digestive disorders and as a flavoring agent.

Synonyms of Fennel (Fennel Oil):

• Common name: Fennel
• Scientific name: Foeniculum vulgare
• Synonyms: Saunf (Hindi)

Biological Source:

• Volatile oil is obtained from the dried fruits (seeds) of Foeniculum vulgare.

Family:

• Apiaceae

Composition:

• Major constituents:
  • Anethole (50-80
  • Fenchone
  • Estragole (Methyl chavicol)
  • Limonene
  • Minor constituents include camphor and α-pinene.
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Chemistry & Chemical Classes:

• Chemical Class: Phenylpropanoids and monoterpenoids.
• Structure:
  • Anethole is a phenylpropanoid with a methoxy group and a propenyl side chain.

Therapeutic Uses:

• Carminative: Relieves flatulence, bloating, and colic.
• Galactagogue: Promotes lactation in nursing mothers.
• Antispasmodic: Reduces smooth muscle spasms in the gastrointestinal tract.
• Expectorant: Used in respiratory conditions like cough and bronchitis.

Commercial Applications of Fennel:

• Widely used as a flavoring agent in foods, beverages, and confectionery.
• Incorporated into herbal teas for its digestive benefits.
• Used in aromatherapy and perfumery for its sweet, refreshing aroma.

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