Functional Classification of Joints

• Functional classification of joints is based on the degree of movement allowed by the joint.

There are three primary functional classification of joints:

1) Synarthrosis (Immovable Joints)

• These joints allow little or no movement.
• Example: Sutures of the skull.

2) Amphiarthrosis (Slightly Movable Joints)

• These joints permit limited movement.
• Example: The pubic symphysis and intervertebral discs.

3) Diarthrosis (Freely Movable Joints)

• These joints allow a wide range of motion.
• Example: Synovial joints like the knee, hip, and shoulder.

Main functions of joints:

1. Provide movement: Allow bending, rotating, and extending for activities like walking and reaching.
2. Support weight: Weight-bearing joints (e.g., knees, hips) support body weight during standing and walking.
3. Absorb shock: Reduce impact during physical activities, protecting bones and tissues.
4. Provide stability: Maintain posture and alignment.
5. Allow flexibility: Enable adaptation to various movements and postures.
6. Synthesize synovial fluid: Lubricate joints, reduce friction, and nourish cartilage.
7. Facilitate blood supply: Ensure adequate oxygen and nutrients to surrounding tissues.

Aid in metabolism: Facilitate nutrient and waste exchange between bones and tissues.

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