General Introduction to Gentian (Iridoids):
- Gentian (Iridoids) is a bitter tonic herb used to stimulate appetite and digestion.
- Its bitterness is attributed to iridoid glycosides.
Synonyms:
- Common name: Gentian
- Scientific name: Gentiana lutea
- Synonyms: Yellow Gentian
Biological Source of:
- Derived from the roots and rhizomes of Gentiana lutea.
Family:
- Gentianaceae
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Composition:
- Major iridoid glycosides:
- Gentiopicroside
- Amarogentin (extremely bitter).
- Flavonoids and xanthones are also present.
Chemistry & Chemical Classes:
- Chemical Class: Iridoid glycosides.
- Structure:
- Iridoids are bicyclic monoterpenoids with a cyclopentane-pyran skeleton.
Therapeutic Uses:
- Appetizer: Stimulates appetite and digestion.
- Digestive tonic: Promotes bile secretion and improves digestion.
Commercial Applications:
Used in herbal bitters and digestive tonics.
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