Isoflurane

• Isoflurane enhances GABA activity, causing CNS depression with rapid onset and smooth recovery.
•  It is an inhalation anesthetic used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia.

Chemical Formula:

• C₃H₂ClF₅O

Mechanism of Isoflurane:

• GABA-A receptor potentiation
• Inhibits NMDA receptors, 2-pore domain K+ channels

Uses of Isoflurane:

• Maintenance of anesthesia

Side Effects:

• Airway irritation (not ideal for induction)
• Hypotension (vasodilation)
• Coronary steal phenomenon (controversial)

Notes:

• Lower metabolism = safer for liver/kidneys
• More stable than enflurane

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