One-Compartment Model with Intravenous Bolus Administration

One Compartment Model with Intravenous Bolus Administration describes drug distribution and elimination after a single rapid IV dose.

One-Compartment Model with Intravenous Bolus Administration

• An intravenous (IV) bolus injection refers to a rapid administration of a drug directly into the bloodstream via a single injection.

Process:

1. A known dose (D) of the drug is injected directly into the vein.
2. Since the drug is delivered directly into systemic circulation, there is no absorption phase.
3. The drug is immediately available for distribution and elimination.
4. The body is assumed to act as a single compartment where the drug disperses instantly.

Pharmacokinetics of IV Bolus:

• Since there is no absorption phase, the initial concentration of the drug in the plasma is determined by:
• $C_0 = \frac{D}{$C_0}$
• Where:
  • ​ $C_0$ = Initial plasma drug concentration
  • D = Dose administered
  • ​ $V_d$ = Volume of distribution
• After administration, the drug undergoes elimination, which follows first-order kinetics:
• $C = C_0 e^{-k_e t}$
• Where:
  • $k_e$ = Elimination rate constant

Key Advantages of IV Bolus:

• Immediate effect (useful in emergencies like cardiac arrest, severe pain).
• Complete bioavailability (100
• Precise control over drug dosing.