Preservation of Emulsions

• Preservation of Emulsions ensures product safety, stability, and therapeutic effectiveness.
• Preservation of emulsions is essential to prevent microbial contamination, chemical degradation, and to extend shelf life during storage.

Methods of Preservation

1. Use of Preservatives

   1. Common preservatives:
      1. Parabens (methylparaben, propylparaben)
      2. Phenoxyethanol
      3. Sorbic acid
      4. Benzyl alcohol
   2. Must be effective in both aqueous and oily phases.

2. Antioxidants (for oil phase)

   • Prevent rancidity and oxidation.
   • Examples: Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), tocopherol (Vitamin E).

3. Proper Storage Conditions

   • Keep in cool, dry places.
   • Use light-resistant and airtight containers to prevent oxidation and evaporation.

4. pH Adjustment

   • Maintain pH that discourages microbial growth (usually slightly acidic, pH 4–6).

5. Aseptic Manufacturing

   • Use sterile equipment and maintain cleanliness to prevent initial contamination.

6. Use of Viscosity Enhancers

   • Gums or polymers slow down microbial growth by reducing water activity.

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