Procyclidine Hydrochloride

• Procyclidine Hydrochloride treats Parkinson’s disease symptoms and drug-induced extrapyramidal disorders.
• Procyclidine Hydrochloride is an anticholinergic that reduces muscle stiffness, tremors, and improves mobility.

Chemical Formula:

• C₁₉H₂₉NO·HCl

Mechanism of Action:

• Centrally acting M1 antagonist
• Some direct spasmolytic activity

Therapeutic Uses:

• Parkinson’s disease
• Antipsychotic-induced EPS

Side Effects:

• Drowsiness
• Confusion
• Dry mouth
• Constipation
• Visual disturbances

SAR (Structure–Activity Relationship) of Procyclidine:

1. Tertiary Amine Group

   • Crucial for CNS penetration and central anticholinergic activity.

2. Hydroxy Group

   • Enhances binding affinity to muscarinic receptors.

3. Cyclohexyl Ring

   • Adds lipophilicity for better brain access and proper receptor fit.

4. Phenyl Ring

   • Boosts receptor binding and overall antimuscarinic potency.

5. Alkyl Chain

   • Maintains optimal distance between key groups for receptor interaction.

Synthesis of Procyclidine (General Steps):

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