General Introduction to Pterocarpus (Tannins):
- Pterocarpus, particularly Pterocarpus marsupium, is a rich source of tannin and is traditionally used in the treatment of diabetes, skin diseases, and as an astringent.
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Synonyms of Pterocarpus (Tannins):
- Common name: Indian Kino, Malabar Kino
- Scientific name: Pterocarpus marsupium
- Synonyms: Vijayasar (Hindi)
Biological Source:
- Obtained from the dried heartwood or gum resin of Pterocarpus marsupium.
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Family:
- Fabaceae
Composition:
- Major tannins:
- Kinotannic acid: A hydrolysable tannin.
- Catechin and Epicatechin
- Flavonoids: Marsupin, Pterosupin.
- Other compounds: Resin, gallic acid, and pyrocatechin.
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Chemistry & Chemical Classes:
- Chemical Class: Condensed and hydrolysable tannins.
- Structure:
- Composed of phenolic acids and flavonoid-based tannins.
- Solubility: Soluble in hot water and alcohol.
Therapeutic Uses of Pterocarpus (Tannin):
- Anti-diabetic: Helps in reducing blood glucose levels by regenerating pancreatic beta cells.
- Astringent: Treats diarrhea, dysentery, and bleeding gums.
- Anti-inflammatory: Useful in wound healing.
- Antioxidant: Promotes tissue repair by reducing oxidative stress.
Commercial Applications of Pterocarpus (Tannins):
- Used in herbal medicines for diabetes management.
- Kino gum is employed in wound dressings and skin preparations.
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