Definition of Reduction:
- Reduction is the gain of electrons or loss of oxygen, often resulting in undesirable changes in drug activity or color.
Examples:
-
Example Reaction (Reduction of Nitro Compounds):
- RNO₂ + 6[H] → RNH₂ + 2H₂O
-
Example Reaction (Reduction of Ketones to Alcohols):
- RCOR’ + 2[H] → RCHOH–R’
Prevention Strategies:
- Incorporate antioxidants or reducing agents.
- Maintain appropriate pH to minimize reactions.
- Use stabilizers and light-resistant packaging.
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