Introduction to tea (Flavonoids):
- Tea, derived from Camellia sinensis, is rich in flavonoids (catechins, flavonols) and widely consumed for its health benefits, including antioxidant, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective properties.
- Popular types: Green tea, black tea, oolong tea.
Synonyms of Tea (Flavonoids):
- Common name: Tea
- Scientific name: Camellia sinensis
- Other names: Green tea, Black tea, Oolong tea
Biological Source:
- Leaves of Camellia sinensis.
Family:
Composition:
- Catechins: Epicatechin (EC), Epigallocatechin (EGC), Epicatechin gallate (ECG), Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG).
- Flavonols: Kaempferol, Quercetin, Myricetin.
- Black Tea Components: Theaflavins, thearubigins (formed during fermentation).
Chemistry:
- Class: Flavonoids (polyphenolic compounds).
- Structure:
- Catechins: Flavan-3-ols with hydroxyl groups aiding antioxidant activity.
- Theaflavins: Dimeric flavonoids from catechin oxidation.
- Solubility: Catechins are water-soluble.
Therapeutic Uses:
- Antioxidant: Neutralizes free radicals, combats oxidative stress.
- Cardioprotective: Lowers cholesterol, reduces blood pressure, and enhances vascular health.
- Neuroprotective: EGCG protects against neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s.
- Anticancer: Catechins suppress cancer cell growth and induce apoptosis.
- Weight loss: Stimulates metabolism and fat oxidation.
Commercial Applications of Tea (Flavonoids):
- Health beverages: Green tea and black tea.
- Supplements: EGCG capsules, green tea extracts for weight loss and antioxidants.
- Skincare: Green tea extracts in cosmetics for anti-aging and UV protection
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