The liver is a vital organ in the human body, located in the upper right portion of the abdomen, beneath the diaphragm. It performs a wide range of essential functions that support overall health and metabolism. Liver Anatomy The liver is a large, reddish-brown organ located in the upper right side of the abdomen, just … Read more
The Anatomy of pancreas is a glandular organ behind the stomach that aids digestion and regulates blood sugar by producing insulin and other hormones. Anatomy of Pancreas: The pancreas is a glandular organ located behind the stomach and near the duodenum. It is elongated and has a head, body, and tail. It is composed of … Read more
Structure of DDT (Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane): Chemical Formula: C14H9Cl5 Description: DDT is an organochlorine compound. Its structure includes two benzene rings connected by a trichloroethane group, with a total of five chlorine atoms—four on the benzene rings and one on the trichloroethane group. Uses: Widely used as an insecticide in agriculture to protect crops against pests. Played … Read more
The small intestine is a long, coiled tube in the digestive system that connects the stomach to the large intestine. It is responsible for most of the digestion and absorption of nutrients from food. Anatomy The small intestine is a long, coiled tube, approximately 20 feet in length, divided into three main sections: the duodenum, … Read more
Reactions of Benzene: Benzene (C₆H₆) is a highly stable aromatic hydrocarbon due to its conjugated π-electron system. This stability makes benzene a prime candidate for electrophilic substitution reactions, where an electrophile replaces one of the hydrogen atoms on the benzene ring. Here are the key electrophilic substitution reactions of benzene: nitration, sulphonation, halogenation, Friedel-Crafts alkylation, … Read more
Hückel’s rule is a criterion used to determine if a molecule is aromatic. Aromatic compounds exhibit unusual stability and unique properties due to the delocalization of π electrons in a conjugated ring system. Here are the key points: Cyclic Structure: The molecule must have a ring structure. Planarity: The molecule must be planar, which allows … Read more
Explore the Aromatic Character in Benzene — aromatic compounds are a special class of cyclic compounds with exceptional stability due to the delocalized π electron cloud. Benzene is the prototypical aromatic compound, and its aromatic character can be understood through several criteria: Planarity: Benzene is a planar molecule, allowing optimal overlap of p orbitals. Cyclic … Read more
The large intestine absorbs water and electrolytes from food, forming solid waste (feces) which is then excreted from the body. Anatomy The large intestine, or colon, is about 5 feet in length and is divided into several parts: the cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, and anus. 1. Cecum: A pouch-like … Read more
Benzene exhibits resonance, a phenomenon where the actual electronic structure is a hybrid of two or more contributing structures. There are two main resonance structures: In one structure, double bonds are between C1-C2, C3-C4, and C5-C6. In the other structure, double bonds are between C2-C3, C4-C5, and C6-C1. These resonance structures imply that the π … Read more
Orbital Picture of Benzene (C₆H₆): It is a planar, cyclic molecule with six carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal ring. Each carbon atom in benzene is sp² hybridized, meaning each carbon atom forms three sigma (σ) bonds: two with adjacent carbon atoms and one with a hydrogen atom. This leaves one unhybridized p orbital on … Read more
