Bernoulli’s Theorem states that for an incompressible, frictionless fluid, the total mechanical energy along a streamline is constant.
Mathematically,
Mathematically,
$P + \frac{1}{2} \rho v^2 + \rho g h = \text{constant}
$
- here:
-
- P = static pressure
- ρ = fluid density
- v = fluid velocity
- g = acceleration due to gravity
- h = height above a reference point
Applications of Bernoulli’s Theorem:
- Venturi meter: Measures fluid flow rate by using a constriction in the pipe.
- Orifice Meter: Measures flow rate by reducing the cross-sectional area.
- Pitot Tube: Measures fluid flow velocity by converting kinetic energy into potential energy.
- Aircraft Design: Determines pressure distribution over wings.
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